آموزش زبان انگلیسی و اصول و روش ترجمه

دانلود مکالمه به زبان اصلی

Pete:this is a great film festival.is nt it?

Liz:it sure is.this film looks wonderful.

Pete:yes.it does.have you been to this film festival before?

Liz: yes.i was here last year.

Pete:this is my first time. You know .you look familiar.haven t we met before?

Liz:I m not sure.

Pete: I think we were in the same computer class last year. With ms .clark?

Liz: I remember you now!

Pete: my name s pete. Petewilson.

Liz: I m liz wu. It s good to see you again.

Sorry I didn t recognize you at first.

Pete:well.my hair was a lot longer then. And I wore glasses

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suffix

Use in English words	Area of meaning	Verb-making suffix
Shorten.lengthen	To make	-en
Magnify.purify	To make	-ify
Dedicate.donate	To make. To do	-ate
Vaporize.synthesize	To make like	-ize(ise)

There is still another group of suffixes. Namely adjectives- making suffixes. The following table lists some common adjective- making suffixes. Try to think of one or more examples for each.

Adjective-making suffixes

Use in English words	Area of meaning	Adjective-making suffixe
careful	Full of	-ful
Dangerous.famous	Full of	-ous
glorious	Fullof	-ious
Final. Legal.agricultural	Pertaining to	-al
economic	Pertainingto. Belonging to	-ic
historical	Pertainingto . belonging to	-ical
Civil.juvenile	Pertaining to	-il. -ile
Auditory	Pertaining to	-ory
Tiresome	Pertaining to	-some
Breakable .comfortable	Capable of being	-able
sensible	Capable of being	-ible

Use in English words	Area of meaning	Ajective-making suffix
active	Relating to . given to	-ive
golden	Of the nature of	-en
childish	Of the nature of	-ish
Twofold.threefold.tenfold	Times(multiplied by)	-fold
hopeless	without	-less
rainy	Characterized by	-y
weekly	Characterized by	-ly
childlike	Characterized by	-like

The last rroup of suffixes to be mentioned here is adverb-making suffixes.study these suffixes carefully to be able to recognize them when they are used in words.

Adverb-making suffixes

Use in English words	Area of meaning	Adverb-making suffixexs
Happily.slowly	Manner.like	-ly
sooner	More.(in degree)	-er
fastest	Highest(in degree)	-est
uppermost	Highest (in degree)	-most
clockwise	In terms of	-wise
Homeward.forward.backward	In the direction of	-ward

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Suffixes

Suffixes

A suffix is an element placed at the end of a word to change its basic meaning and to change it into another part of speech. For example.

Aud= hear

Audience= hearers(noun)

Auditor= hearer(noun)

Auditory= related to hearing (adjective)

Audible= loud enough to be hear(adjective)

Auditorium= place for public meetings(noun)

Use in English words	Area of meaning	Noun_making suffix
Importance.aquintance.resistance	State of being	-ance
Difference.exitence	State of being	-ence
Secretary.dictionary	That which. Place whrere	-ary
Creamery.stationery	That which.place where	-ery
dentisitry	That which. Place where	-ry
Simplicity.purity.ability	State of being	-ity
shortage	State of being	-age
Iranian.vegetarian.republican	Belonging to.a member of	-an
infancy	State of being	-cy
Chemist.linguist	One who	-ist
Heroism.magnetism	State.quality	-ism
Mixture.pressure	That which	-ure
Solitude.altitude	State of being	-tude
Creation.variation	Action.condition	-ation
Astonishment.government	Resulting state or condition	-ment
Service.justice	Quality.state	-ice
Kingdom.freedom	Power.state	-dom
duckling	diminutive	-ling
Boyhood.womanhood	State.rank	-hood
Friendship.hardship	State .quality of being	-ship
Actor.geneator	One who.that which	-or
Teacher. cutter	One who. That which	-er
Kindness.goodness	Quality or state of being	-ness
Princess.actress.lioness	Feminine ending	-ess

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Prefix

Prefix

A prefix is an element placed at the beginning of a word to change its basic meaning.for example

Port= carry

Export= carry out of

Deport= carry away

Report= carry back

Import= carry into

The following table lists some of the most important prefixes used in English. Learn to recognize them as used in forming English words.

Consult your dictionary to find more examples for each prefix.

Common prefixes

Use in English words	Area of meaning	prefix
antibiotics	against	Ant. anti
Antecedent. antedate	before	Ante-
bicycle	Two.twice	Bi-
centigram	hundred	Cent-
circumstance	around	Circum-
abnormal	Away. from	Ab-
Cooperate.collect. communicate conjunction	With. together	Co.col-com. con
diameter	Across. through	Dia-
Discomfort.disagree	Not. apart	Dis-
Erupt. Exit.export	Out from. Out of	e- ex-
enlarge	To make	En-
hydrotherapy	water	Hydro-
Incomplete.illogical.irregular.impossible	not	In- .il-. ir-.im
Interrupt.international	between	Inter-
kilometer	thousand	kilo
mocrocosm	large	Macro-
Microwave.microbe.microcosm	small	Micro-
Mislead.mistake	wrong	Mis-
Monoplane.monotone	One.single	Mono-
neoclassic	New.recent	Neo-
oversleep	More than	Over-
polychrome	Much.many	Poly-
Postscript.postpone	Behind. after	Post-
Prefix.preview.prehistoric	-before	Pre-
progress	forward	Pro-
quadrangle	four	Quad-
Rewrite.return	Again.back	Re-
Semicivilized.semicircle	Half.party	Semi-
Subway.submarine.subordinate	under	Sub-
Superior.supervisor	Above.beyond	Super-
Transport.translate	across	Trans-
thermometer	Heat.warmth	Thermo-
Tricycle.triangle	three	Tri-
Ultrasonic.ultramodern	Beyond.more than	Ultra-
Unable.unsafe.unfit	not	Un-
uniform	one	Uni-

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Suffix and prefix

Sufix پسوند و prefix پیشوند

پسوندها ویشوندها یی که در زبان انگلیسی استفاده میشود به مثالهای زیر توجه کنید

قسمتی که نوشتم پایه . محدوده معنی و مثال

Use in English words	Area of meaning	Base
Annual. annuity	year	Ann(u)
anthropology	Man.mankind	Anthro.anthrop
Aural.audience	ear	Aur.aud.audio
biology	life	bio
Calorie.calorimeter	To be warm. heat	Cal.calor
Capacity.capative	To take.to hold	cap
Chronometer.chronology	time	chrono
Include.exclude	To shut	Clud.clus
Woodcraft.handicraft	.skil.art.trade	craft
Credible.credit	To belive	cred
Dictation.prediction	To say.to speak	Dic.dict
Dormant.dormitory	To sleep	dorm

Equality.equation	equal	equ
Manufacture.factory	To do. To make	Fac.fact.fec
Transfer.refer	To bear. To carry	fer
Final.finish	end	fin
Flexible.	To bend	Flect.flex
Fortify.fortress	strong	fort
geology	earth	geo
octagon	angle	gon
Graduate.progress	To step	Grad.gress
Diagram.telegraph	To write.writing	Gram.graph
heterogeneous	Different.other	hetero
Homophone.homogeneous	same	homo
hydroelectric	water	Hydr.hydro
Local.location	place	Loc.loco.locus
Malpractice.maladjusted	Bad.defective.ill	mal
Manual.manufacture	hand	Man.manu
Thermometer.metric	To measure	meter
Transmit.dismiss	To send	Mit.miss
multiplication	many	multi
Antonym.synonym	name	Nomen.nym
Pedal.impediment	foot	ped
telephone	sound	phon
polytechnic	many	poly
Export.portable.import	To carry	port
Position.compose	To place	pos
Describe.postscript	To write	Scribe.script
ultrasonic	sound	son
Stationary.static	To stand	sta
Structure.construction	To build	struct
contain	To hold	Tain.ten
Conduct. Induction.	To lead	Duc.duct